Scopolamine Adverse Reactions
- amnesia
- anhidrosis
- blurred vision
- bradycardia
- confusion
- constipation
- cycloplegia
- delirium
- dizziness
- drowsiness
- dysphagia
- hallucinations
- headache
- impotence (erectile dysfunction)
- mydriasis
- nausea/vomiting
- palpitations
- pyrosis (heartburn)
- sinus tachycardia
- urinary retention
- urticaria
- xerostomia
Scopolamine Adverse Reactions
Xerostomia (dry mouth) is the most frequent adverse effect following transdermal administration of scopolamine, occurring in about 67% of patients. Drowsiness is also common, occurring in about 17% of patients. Transdermal administration also has caused adverse effects in the eye including blurry vision, mydriasis, cycloplegia, and precipitation of closed-angle glaucoma. Other adverse effects include drying, itching, or reddened eyes and delayed allergic dermatitis.
Scopolamine when used peri-surgically may cause some amnesia which can be a desired effect in use for sedation induction and other similar uses. For other indications and routes, memory impairment or other memory disturbance has been reported, particularly in the elderly. Scopolamine can cause CNS effects including headache, disorientation, dizziness, restlessness, giddiness, hallucinations, delirium, and confusion. Also, scopolamine-induced cycloplegia and mydriasis can cause blurred vision.
Antimuscarinic-induced cardiovagal blockade can cause palpitations or sinus tachycardia, and scopolamine can cause a paradoxical sinus bradycardia to occur.
Urticaria and decreased sweating, even anhidrosis, can result from scopolamine treatment. Fever can develop because of the decreased sweating caused by scopolamine.
Scopolamine use can cause xerostomia (dry mouth), dysphagia, pyrosis (heartburn), constipation, impotence (erectile dysfunction), and nausea/vomiting.
Urinary retention or hesitancy can develop due to scopolamine’s antimuscarinic effect on the ureters and bladder.
Antimuscarinic toxicity manifests clinically as excessive anticholinergic activity, especially cardiovascular and CNS stimulation. Treatment may consist of administering physostigmine and implementing general supportive measures such as fluids for shock, diazepam for psychotic symptoms, and pilocarpine for mydriasis.
[ Last revised: 9/22/2004 5:38:00 PM ]
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